show that the optimal form of retention must be proportional to the pool default loss even in the absence of systemic risk …

In the linear coinsurance problem, examined first by Mossin (1968), a higher absolute risk aversion with respect to … decide on their health expenditures. The optimal coinsurance rate trades off a risk-sharing effect and an incentive effect …, both related to risk aversion. …

Risk perception is an idiosyncratic process of interpretation. It is a highly personal process of making a decision … based on an individual’s frame of reference that has evolved over time. The purpose of this paper is to find out the risk … perception level of equity investors and to identify the factors influencing their risk perception. The study was conducted using …

One of the key components of financial risk management is risk measurement. This typically requires modeling …

the suitable proxies in measuring innovation related to risk taking. Many studies use research-and-development intensity … (RDI) and research-and-development spending (RDS) as proxies for innovation related to risk taking. However, little … evidence shows that positive association with risk taking. This study addresses this gap by using RDI and RDS as metrics for …

This paper aims to research the topics related to risk included in non-financial disclosure (NFD) of companies listed … on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) and explore factors that influence the risk topics ratio in NFD. We applied a content … analysis using topic modeling to discover latent risk topics in NFD. Next, with Ward's clustering, we identified four groups of …

economic interactions, certain risks are associated with their implementation. Risk factors were given a particular priority … during the secondary and primary research, while determining the most relevant risk factors of investment project processes … in relation to the B2B market. The risk map for investment project processes was created in line with the relevant …