This paper shows how favoritism in public procurement can emerge despite the use of rigid procedures for awarding contracts and of transparent criteria for allowing firms to bid. The paper analyzes data on the awarding of public works in Italy to illustrate how differences in fine regulation...

This research analyses through the use of instrumental variables estimation whether democracy has an effect on variables belonging to three different categories: fiscal policy, inequality in income distribution and political instability. It shows there is no stable relation between democracy and...

This paper analyzes the public procurement of orthopaedic implants and related medical devices in Europe. We analyze the legal framework laid down by the EU Procurement Directives, especially with regard to awarding procedures and contractual forms. We then use data covering the universe of EU...