yearly excess female deaths, referred to as the 'flow of missing women', suggest that gender bias in mortality is much larger …Existing estimates of the 'tock of missing women' suggest that the problem is mostly concentrated in South and East … than previously found (about 4 to 5 million excess female deaths per year vs. around 100 million missing women in total …

Stock estimates' of missing women suggest that the problem is concentrated in South and East Asia and among young … children. In contrast, `flow estimates' suggest that gender bias in mortality is much larger, is as severe among adults as it …