The classical Heckman (1976, 1979) selection correction estimator (heckit) is misspecified and inconsistent if an … interaction of the outcome variable and an explanatory variable matters for selection. To address this specification problem, a … procedure clearly matters. -- Selection bias ; interaction ; heterogeneity ; generalized estimator …

Over the last years, public smoking bans have been introduced in most European countries. Unlike elsewhere, in Germany … ected by the introduction of state smoking bans. -- smoking bans ; sales ; intra-country regional variation …

This paper investigates the short-term effects of public smoking bans on individual smoking behavior. In 2007 and 2008 …, state-level smoking bans were gradually introduced in all of Germany’s sixteen federal states. We exploit this variation in … the timing of state bans to identify the effect that smoke-free policies had on individuals' smoking propensity and …

We estimate the causal impact of school smoking bans in Germany on the propensity and intensity of smoking. Using … such smoking bans to identify the effects of interest. The estimates from our multipledifferences approach show that six to … ten years after intervention, propensity towards smoking is reduced by 7-16 percent, while the number of smoked cigarettes …