Alpha depends on return measurement horizon, both theoretically and empirically. We demonstrate how alphas depend on horizon, introduce a procedure to estimate long-return-horizon alphas from short-horizon returns, and find that among those mutual funds with positive alphas estimated from...

We show that characteristics known to predict returns to U.S. stocks also predict returns for a broad sample of nearly 52,000 stocks from fifty-eight non-U.S. countries, and we evaluate the extent to which six prominent corporate events, including initial and secondary stock offerings, stock...

Using random H-1B visa lotteries as a natural experiment, we document that firms respond to shortages of high-skilled workers by acquiring firms that have such workers and own negligible amounts of tangible assets. Additional tests show that desire for the targets’ skilled labor is an...

We examine the value of skilled immigrants in finance by exploiting two natural experiments. We find that hedge fund management companies that secure more H-1B visas in random lotteries deliver higher alphas, Sharpe ratios, and information ratios. Moreover, an unexpected reduction in the H-1B...

Mutual fund flows are negatively related to fund performance more than about five years prior. This finding holds for both institutional and retail share classes, and across fund style categories. We develop and test the investor disappointment hypothesis, which holds that those who forecast...

The percentage of U.S. equity mutual funds that outperform the SPY ETF over the last 30 years decreases substantially as the horizon over which returns are measured is increased. Further, some funds with positive monthly alpha estimates have negative long-horizon abnormal returns. These results...