-Economic Panel from 2000 to 2007. In addition to the role of classical variables like family background and school achievements, we … examine the effect of noncognitive skills. Both, better school grades and higher noncognitive skills reduce the risk of … becoming an educational dropout. The influence of school achievements on the dropout probability tends to decrease and the …

In this study, we examine how economic performance during the child-specific primary school phase, during which … teachers make recommendations regarding secondary school level, affects the educational level achieved ultimately by these … children. Using data for Germany, we find that an economic downturn, coupled with increased unemployment, affects children …