Recent decades witnessed a trend whereby private markets retreated from financing the real economy, whilst simultaneously the real economy itself became increasingly financialized. This trend resulted in public finance becoming more important for capital investments. Within this context, the...

Noting that the contribution of R&D is being integrated into national accounts just as these come under criticism for potentially overstating output, this paper uses a re-assessment of the concept of value to examine scope for under- and over-statement in conventional GDP. It assesses ways in...

Apple Inc. stands out as the world’s most famous, and currently richest, company. To the general public, Apple is known for three things: its intriguing CEO Steve Jobs, who has achieved iconic status in death as in life; its amazing iOS products, especially the iPhone and the iPad, and their...

Firms across sectors and regions are highly skewed in their ability to engage with innovation, and even more skewed in their ability to translate investments in innovation into higher growth. Recent attention has been placed on the importance of ‘high growth firms’ (HGF) for innovation...

The advanced world is facing a crucial moment of transition. We argue that a successful outcome requires bringing innovation to the centre of government thinking and action and that, in order to do this, we must apply our knowledge of how innovation occurs and how to repair what has gone wrong....