In this paper we seek to do two things. Firstly, by exploring the fundamental properties and various applications of open application programming interfaces (APIs) mentioned in extant literature, we articulate what are the relevant theories that give rise to the new organisational structures and...

This study, which follows from our initial assessment of the API economy in banking (Zachariadis and Ozcan, 2017), explores the changes that incumbents and new entrants experienced in the banking sector following the announcement and implementation of open banking and PSD2 in the UK and EU