For simple problems (only) in stochastic storage, analytic solutions are available,and although simulation is available for more difficult problems, in many casesthis is impractically slow. A new system of partial dierential equations (PDEs),derived via techniques used to value options in nance,...

Traditional theories of the origins of the welfare state have emphasized the financial weakness of Britain’s largest provider of mutual insurance in the late 19th century, the friendly societies. These theories share common implications with contemporary theories of institutional change...

By analysing a newly compiled database of exchange rates, this paper finds that Central European financial integration advanced in a cyclical fashion over the fifteenth century. The cycles were associated with changes in the money supply. Long-distance financial integration progressed in...

Private equity funds and hedge funds are both alternative asset classes that are continuouslygrowing in importance. Although they have different focuses, they share some characteristics.First of all, both have or allegedly have a significant impact on the economy as well as thefinancial system...

This study examines a problem of fiscal deficits based on the Ottoman budget of 1275 A.H. (March 1859–February 1860).1 In this period, state debt amassed rapidly due to increased market loans abroad. In order to evaluate the credibility of the Ottoman government for a new loan, Lord Hobart and...

This paper is a case study about investor behaviour of the government of Berne on capital markets in the 18th century, focussing mainly on London. Economic theory about principal-agent problems and portfolio administration will be used to analyse quantitative and qualitative data from government...

In this paper we apply conjoint analysis to study the influence of changes in thetax rate and the tax base on the perceived tax burden. Our results show that themajority of individuals do not make rational tax decisions based on the actual taxburden, but rather use simple decision heuristics....

In the paper it is inquired how Sudanese women use the financial institutions in order toorganise their lives between market, household, and the community. The results arebased on interviews and observations done in two villages in the surroundings ofOmdurman (Al Gharaza and Sanahir), displaced...

Using annual data for 18 OECD countries over the period 1980-2004, we investigate howlabour and financial factors interact to determine unemployment by estimating a dynamicpanel model using the system generalized method of moments (GMM). We show that theimpact of financial variables depends...