The Late Middle Ages (c.1300–c.1500) saw the development of many of the key economic institutions of the modern unitary nation-state in Europe. After the ‘commercial revolution’ of the thirteenth century, taxes on trade became increasingly significant contributors to government finances,...

1. Introduction: Snapshots of Global Gold Mining -- PART 1: TRENDS IN GLOBAL GOLD PRODUCTION -- 2. Theorizing the Global Gold Production System -- 3. Global Expansion -- 4. Informalization -- 5. Technological Innovation -- PART 2: GLOBAL GOLD PRODUCTION TOUCHING GROUND -- 6. Brazil: Garimpagem,...

1 Framework of the SREB Initiative -- 2 Connectivity Construction -- 3 Trade and Investment Facilitation -- 4 Industrial Cooperation and Upgrading -- 5 Construction and Upgrading of Urbanization in Western China -- 6 Regionalization and Internationalization of Currency -- 7 Guarantee Mechanism...

1. Introduction -- 2. Economic Development, Sustainable Development and Agriculture -- 3. Sustainability of Agricultural Systems -- 4. Challenges of Sustainable Agriculture in Developing Countries -- 5. Challenges of Sustainable Agricultural Development in High-Income Countries -- 6. Pathways to...