The presumed higher productivity of foreign firms and resulting spillovers to domestic firms has led governments to offer financial incentives to foreign firms. We investigate if there is any productivity or wage gap between foreign and domestic firms in the UK and if the presence of foreign...

The last twenty years have seen an extraordinary number of trade liberalization episodes in developing countries. Some have been voluntary, most have been policy conditioned under the aegis of the Bretton Woods agencies. This paper begins by setting out the background to these trade reform...

Gravity models have been extensively used to evaluate the trade effects of regional trading arrangements, (RTAs), especially over the last 10 years or so. Questions addressed by researchers include, is there a regional bias to trade and are there identifiable trade affects attributable to RTAs?...