trade within the EMU. However, the EMU will presumably lead to geographical concentration of production and therefore … indirectly to increased trade within the EMU and – during a transitional stage – to increased foreign direct investment, both …

We estimate that the euro has increased trade within the eurozone by about 26 per cent and trade between the eurozone … significant and substantial effects on the extensive margin of trade. The euro effects were concentrated to semi-finished and …

The gravity model is used to estimate the trade volume effects of the creation of the European currency union. The euro … is estimated to have raised the level of aggregate trade between euro countries in 1998-2002 compared to 1989-1997 by 15 … per cent and the level of trade with outside countries by 8 per cent. The effect is clearly increasing over time …

sensitivity analysis in evaluations of trade and tax policies. …