For the refuse collection market, it is well-known that concentration increases prices and offsets the advantage of contracting out. The presence of competing public firms might be essential to ensure fair competition. In this paper we show that the increasing competition by public firms...

It is well-known that unit-based pricing systems have a significant effect on the quantity of collected waste. Part of this effect may, however, result from a selection bias or environmental activism effect. Based on a pooled cross-section for the Netherlands for 1998- 2005 we show that despite...

In 2003, the Dutch government introduced a VAT-compensation fund in order to create a level-playing field for local governments with respect to Value Added Tax (VAT). By introducing this fund the tax difference between governments that supply services themselves and governments that contract out...

For the refuse collection market, it is well-known that concentration increases prices and offsets the advantage of contracting out. The presence of competing public firms might be essential to ensure fair competition. In this paper we show that the increasing competition by public firms...

In 2003, the Dutch government introduced a VAT-compensation fund in order to create a level-playing field for local governments with respect to Value Added Tax (VAT). By introducing this fund the tax difference between governments that supply services themselves and governments that contract out...

It is well-known that unit-based pricing systems have a significant effect on the quantity of collected waste. Part of this effect may, however, result from a selection bias or environmental activism effect. Based on a pooled cross-section for the Netherlands for 1998- 2005 we show that despite...