Since 2010 a number of firms have voluntarily adopted mark-to-market (MTM) accounting for the actuarial gains and losses associated with their defined benefit pension plans. While pension accounting rules have allowed such a choice since 1986, only recently have firms begun to exercise that...

We propose a framework for analyzing spatial competition between retailers of different formats. Our approach yields localized measures of concentration and store-level diversion ratios that can be used to prospectively evaluate mergers in highly differentiated retail markets. Our method does...

We describe the challenges of forecasting earnings in a globally interconnected marketplace, and we document inefficient use of information regarding foreign country exposures and expected country GDP growth at the consensus and individual forecast levels. A country's proximity to the US,...