The Late Middle Ages (c.1300–c.1500) saw the development of many of the key economic institutions of the modern unitary nation-state in Europe. After the ‘commercial revolution’ of the thirteenth century, taxes on trade became increasingly significant contributors to government finances,...

Part I Introduction -- 1 Historical and Political Background -- Part II The Economy of Colonial America -- 2 Labour -- 2.1 Slave Labour -- 3 The Slave Trade and Britain’s Industrial Revolution -- 4 Economic Impact of Slavery -- 5 Industry -- 6 Land Values, Tenancy, and Private Ownership --...

This volume undertakes the important task of envisioning a regional history of Asia based on its unique internal characteristics, going beyond the usual West/non-West dichotomy. The “regional trade zone of modern Asia” was debated in the 1980s. Since then, Japanese historians of the...

Introduction -- China: It's Politics, History and Economy -- China and the Great Divergence -- Italy in China: 1861 - 1919 -- Trade and Concessions -- Italy in China in the Interwar Years -- Evolution of Commercial Relationships -- Final Remarks.

Vielfältig sind die Krisenzeichen unserer Zeit. Der gesellschaftliche Zusammenhalt schwindet, die politischen Strukturen erodieren und die wirtschaftlichen Verhältnisse überzeugen nicht mehr. Von einer Tendenzwende wird angesichts der Neuerungen, Enttäuschungen, Unbestimmtheiten,...

Chapter 1: Perceptions -- Chapter 2: Making Decisions: Lessons from Behavioural Economics -- Chapter 3: Establishing the Socialist Workplace: Labour, Norms and the Introduction of Piecework -- Chapter 4: Learning from the Soviet Union Means Learning to Win: Group Technology and the Mitrofanov...

Urbanization, Sanitation, and Mortality in the Progressive Era, 1899-1929 -- The Continuing Puzzle of Hypertension among African Americans: Developmental Origins and the Mid-century Socioeconomic Transformation -- Health and Safety vs. Freedom of Contract: The Tortured Path of Wage and Hours...

Preface -- Chapter 1. A Preliminary Introduction -- Chapter 2. Puzzles of the Monetary Regime in Premodern China -- Chapter 3. The Divergence between China and Japan -- Chapter 4. The Worst Currency or The Best Arrangement? -- Chapter 5. An Epilogue -- Index.

Introduction -- Part I: Guggenheim Prize Lecture -- The Myth of Money as a Veil -- Part II: Financial History -- British Investment Trusts 1868 to 1928: Portfolio Diversification and the Beginnings of Institutional Investment -- Early Reflections on the Democratization of Organized Markets and...

Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Oil, Policy and Market Power -- Chapter 3: Looking at the Mirror: Early Days of the Oil Markets in the United States -- Chapter 4: From Competition to Monopoly -- Chapter 5: From Monopoly to Competition (Oil Markets Going Global) -- Chapter 6: Governments...