1. Introduction -- 2. Theory and Prior Evidence on Multinationality. 2.1 Benefits and Costs of Multinationality. 2.2 Prior Empirical Evidence on Multinationality and Performance -- 3. Hypotheses.3.1 Multinationality and Profitability. 3.2 Multinationality and Firm Value -- 4. Description of Data...

1 Overview (Kunio Ito). Part 1 Earnings Attributes and Corporate Behavior -- 2 What do Smoothed Earnings Tell Us about the Future? (Yusuke Takasu and Makoto Nakano) -- 3 The Effect of Accounting Conservatism on Corporate Investment Behavior (Souhei Ishida and Kunio Ito) -- 4 Matching expenses...