had a measurable effect on the stock market valuation of the forty-two bank holding companies subject to the SEC order. I …

particular, I find that a bank affiliated with a multi-bank holding company is significantly safer than either a stand-alone bank … or a bank affiliated with a one-bank holding company. Not only does affiliation reduce the probability of future … other banks. Moreover, the effects of affiliation are strengthened for an expanding bank holding company. However, the …

This paper examines the relationship between the amount of information disclosed by bank holding companies (BHCs) and …

Although bank capital regulation permits a bank to choose freely between equity and subordinated debt to meet capital …

bank debt too safe. The optimal capital regulation requires that a part of bank capital be unavailable to creditors upon … perquisites that yield private benefits). The privately optimal level of bank leverage is neither too low nor too high: It … substitution induced at high levels of leverage. However, when correlated bank failures can impose significant social costs …

identify plausibly exogenous variation in the intensity of supervision across large U.S. bank holding companies (BHCs), based … support the idea that supervision has a distinct role as a complement to regulation. …

We study bank supervision by combining a theoretical model that distinguishes supervision from regulation and a novel … supervision and use the model to interpret the relationship between supervisory efforts and bank characteristics observed in the … proportionally with bank size, suggesting the presence of technological economies of scale in supervision. The data also show …