We review the nascent but fast-growing literature on central bank digital currencies (CBDCs), focusing on their …

Non-bank financing provides an important funding source for the economy and is a valuable alternative to traditional … financial services. Unlike banking, it is not prudentially regulated. The Bank of Canada regularly monitors entities and … activities classified in non-bank financial intermediation, particularly those that involve a material degree of maturity …

One way of internalizing the externalities that each individual bank imposes on the rest of the financial system is to … information on interbank exposures. A relatively small bank playing an outsized role in the interbank market might be more … systemic, and thus garner a higher capital surcharge, than a less-connected bank of somewhat larger size. Alternatively, if the …

The authors use simulations within the BoC-GEM-FIN, the Bank of Canada's version of the Global Economy Model with … changing bank regulations on the Canadian economy. Specifically, they compute short- and long-run impacts on key macroeconomic … that, while long-run effects on bank loans, lending spreads, investment, and output are modest, the short-run effects are …

drawing useful lessons for regulatory reform. We argue that an important contributor to positive bank performance was a solid …

of different types of risk with respect to a bank's balance-sheet management. Particular attention is given to the …

Bank of Canada having to provide funds to ensure LVTS settlement is reasonably low, as is the average residual …