Banks face two different kinds of moral hazard problems: asset substitution by shareholders (e.g., making risky … risk in which all banks choose inefficiently high leverage to fund correlated assets and market discipline is compromised … bank debt too safe. The optimal capital regulation requires that a part of bank capital be unavailable to creditors upon …

We estimate the cost of capital for the banking industry and find that while the cost of capital soared for banks in … the financial crisis, after the passage of the Dodd-Frank Act, the value-weighted cost of capital for banks fell … differentially more than did the cost of capital for nonbanks. The very largest banks drive the decline in expected returns. Over a …

The supplementary leverage ratio (SLR) rule recently imposed on the very largest U.S. banks has revived the question of … whether banks sidestep such rules by shifting toward riskier, higher-yielding assets. Using difference-in-difference analysis …, we find that, after the SLR was finalized in 2014, covered banks shifted their portfolio toward riskier (risk …

trillion in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, whereas banks' reserves at the Federal Reserve have decreased, the … diff-in-diff approach. By exploiting a temporary change in the computation of banks' Supplementary Leverage Ratio (SLR …) implemented in 2020-21, we show that banks' balance sheet costs incentivize them to push deposits toward MMFs and to reduce their …

This paper investigates the incentives for banks to bias their internally generated risk estimates. We are able to … by low-capital banks to improve regulatory ratios. At the portfolio level, the difference in borrower probability of … credits. In addition, we find that low-capital banks' risk estimates have less explanatory power than those of high …

We examine liquidity creation per unit of assets by banks subject to the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) using the … asset pair with different LCR weights, and the differential implementation of LCR by the very large and less-large LCR banks …. We find that, since 2013, there has been reduced liquidity creation by LCR banks compared to non-LCR banks, occurring …

Historically, nonfinancial corporations relied on performance targets linked to their EPS. Up until the 1970s, banks … explaining banks' market values. In this paper we present a model of a bank with fixed-rate deposit insurance that faces …