Cross institutional forecast evaluations may be severely distorted by the fact that forecasts are made at different points in time, and thus with different amount of information. This paper proposes a method to account for these differences. The method computes the timing effect and the...

Volatility implied in option prices reflects the market participant's beliefs about future volatility and incorporates information that is not historical. Implied volatility is therefore widely believed to perform better as an indicator of future volatility than other forecasts based on...