In this article, estimation of moments up to the fourth order of random effects and errors is first investigated for dynamic panel data models. Using the QR decomposition of a matrix, the moments of random individual effects and errors are estimated without affecting each other so that the...

<Para ID="Par1">This paper is concerned about robust comparison of two regression curves. Most of the procedures in the literature are least-squares-based methods with local polynomial approximation to nonparametric regression. However, the efficiency of these methods is adversely affected by outlying...</para>