Whereas the EU's internal market rules govern market access and public intervention, its competition rules are … likely to lead to a rationalisation of public policy objectives in the healthcare sector.What is the effect of EU competition … the impact of EU competition law is largely indirect and works through national competition law as well as sector …

stakeholders and differentiation between possible scenarios (tough negotiations, holdup, holdout or exclusion). In the EU, that …

This paper explores how EU competition law enforcement might be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Each section of this … paper reviews how various components of EU competition law are impacted. The paper evaluates the state of play and, where …

of EU competition law. This paper takes a quantitative approach as it analyses the factors that have been considered by … Commission decisions have been appealed to the General Court of the EU.Our analysis shows that the Commission has made …

Although the essential facilities doctrine has not been applied recently anymore in EU competition enforcement, it is … regularly referred to in EU policy discussions as a tool to open up markets in which ‘tech giants' act as gatekeepers to … doctrine, and legislative and policy developments regulating access outside EU competition law. It is put forward that the …

paper examines this tension over the past 10 years since modernisation of EU competition law. It looks at three types of …. The by object approach is supported by the EU Courts. Also, the molecule (active ingredient) is often regarded as the … footsteps of the Commission but on the whole they are less active, for instance on pay for delay. This may be because the EU …

The objectives of this paper are to: (i) describe the fining policy of the European Commission for breach of EU … policy. This discussion paper does not suggest that undertakings that have breached EU competition rules should get off the … effective way to improve compliance with EU competition law. Against this background, the proposals made in this discussion …