Brazil has evolved strikingly in the last few years in the area of health assistance and access to medicines by its aging and urbanizing population. The government has also set the health industry - which includes pharmaceutical innovation - as one of its strategic sectors to be developed in the...

This paper examines how Brazilian prosecutors promote compliance with labor and environmental laws while preserving or even enhancing the competitiveness of local firms. In the cases analyzed, prosecutors realize that the bottlenecks that prevent compliance are often located outside the firm and...

This paper addresses the following question: how can we reconcile workers` rights and social protection with firms` competitiveness and productivity? In Latin America, there is an intense debate about the perverseness of the labor law (claimed to be harmful both to workers and to firms) and, in...

In most developing countries, small and medium firms in the informal sector have grown steadily over the last decade as a consequence of regulation and increasing international competition. In these places, the great challenge for policymakers and economic-development practitioners today is how...

The prohibition of certain psychoactive drugs and the consequent police repression result in thousands of deaths from violent actions in Brazil each year. In this work, we quantify the magnitude of this problem based on some economic and public health indicators. Taking 2017 as a reference, we...

Two major changes in Brazilian legislation during the 1990s reshaped the local pharmaceutical industry: the ratification of the TRIPS agreement including a provision for pipeline inventions in 1996, and a Generic Drug Act in 1999, which introduced bioequivalence tests and facilitated generic...

The study tried to identify the FSB's and biotechnology researches in another sectoral funds context conditions, operations and results. Moreover, regional distribution of the selected projects was evaluated. Data from MCT, FINEP, Innovation website of MCT, Rais, and IBGE were employed. The...

Two major changes in Brazilian legislation during the 1990s reshaped the local pharmaceutical industry: the ratification of the TRIPS agreement including a provision for pipeline inventions in 1996, and a Generic Drug Act in 1999, which introduced bioequivalence tests and facilitated generic...

This paper tries to build and to analyze the evolution of technological indexes in Brazilian chemical industry during the 1985-2009 period. Our main conclusions are the following: the petrochemical emphasis of this industry has stood by; besides there have been an important technological...

The Covid-19 pandemic exposed the fragility of institutional supply arrangements to the world and sparked predatory competition among buyers. In this context, the rationalization of demand and use of medical inputs and the centralized management o these acquisitions are recommended strategies,...