This report evaluates and compares the evolution and the determinants of the capital structure of Brazilian firms, with a particular emphasis on external financing. One of its main conclusions is that country factors are nearly as important as firm level factors. Industry factors are not very...

This paper aims to examine the evolution of currency risk exposure of Brazilian corporations, especially exporting companies, from the 2008 crisis, when several companies suffered substantial losses due to the decline of the real. We analyze their financial based on the usage of derivatives, as...

This paper presents a brief literature review concerning the costs and benefits of electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, highlighting their advantages in terms of greenhouse gas emissions reductions. Even though electric and electro-hybrid vehicles must still overcome many cultural and...

In this paper we study the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation through a discussion of the environmental Kuznets curve. We present the main results of an immense literature and assess its implications. Empirically, we reassess the validity of the environmental...

This work analyzes the main aspects pluriactive and multifunctional agriculture involving familiar with the territorial dynamics of larger scale, according to regional characteristics under which they operate. It is understood that the notion of multifunctionality analyze the interaction between...