violence. -- marginal willingness to pay ; welfare ; cost ; violence ; value of life ; Brazil …This paper estimates the health dimension of the welfare cost of homicides in Brazil incorporating age, gender … assign monetary values to the welfare cost of increased mortality due to violence. The results indicate that the present …

first piece of evidence on the causal effect of illegality on systemic violence. Brazil has historically been the main world … markets ; violence ; homicide ; mahogany ; Brazil … contracts, or to seek protection from competitors' improper behaviors. In these contexts, violence is used to enforce previous …

property crime in general or on robberies. -- homicide ; Brazil ; firearms, gun violence ; property crimes …

This paper critically reviews a vast array of literature on the costs of crime and common violence. Using a simple … suggest directions for further research. -- Crime ; violence ; welfare ; costs ; contingent valuation ; willingness to pay …