Critical assesssment of the PRC's educational system, its performance and its prospects. The major change in educational policies since 1976 has been the gradual shift towards the view that education should respond to the needs of the economy. The implementation of the new educational reforms...

The study scrutinizes changes in seven aspects of higher education policy in the PRC during the 1970s and, based on the experience of the USSR and the East European socialist states, explores the implications of these changes for the structuring of social inequality in contemporary Chinese...

Energy and transport have long been considered the two main obstacles to Chinese economic development. The author explores to what extent economic stagnation has been caused by shortfalls in energy supplies and what can be done to alleviate the situation in the future. (DÜI-Sen)

According to the author, in the late 1970s, Chinese industry was on the verge of collapse. Its high but erratic level of growth since 1949 had been achieved by using ever-increasing amounts of labour and capital. By 1978, the Chinese Communist Party leadership understood the economic problems...