The aims of this paper are first, to review the background to the harmonization of VAT rates within the European Union and second, to model the financial impact of the risks surrounding structural changes in VAT rates. The underlying sales upon which VAT is based is modelled by a geometric...

A simulated study is conducted of the relative tax incentives to capital investment in Europe. For 1994 required pre-tax rates of return vary from 8.5% for plant and machinery investments in Spain to l3.8% for commercial property in Ireland. Within investment categories, however, the spreads...

The aims of this study were to determine how UK finance practitioners derive and review the cost of capital, and to ascertain whether the final figure varied with the choice of method. To investigate behaviour in the real world a survey questionnaire was employed, eliciting responses from the...