We investigate whether the special item anomaly in the U.S. exists in an environment where the separation of non-recurring items from earnings is mandated. We use South African data, as the separate disclosure of specific non-recurring items has been mandatory since 2000. Our results show that,...

We examine how interactions with foreign capital, product, and labor markets affect the disclosure practices of non-U.S. multinational firms. Drawing on literature related to multinationals, country-level legal institutions, and accounting disclosures, we expect that the relation between...