catastrophic health expenditures in households “below the poverty line.†The program and the districts are evaluated over time …

around a constant income distribution to illustrate why standard measures of poverty, built on the intuitions of unchanging …

The first of the eight Millennium Development Goals is to halve extreme poverty and hunger by 2015. In India, thirty … two and a half million people fall below the national poverty line by making out-of- pocket payments for health care in a … and urban poor could drastically bring down the number of people falling below the poverty line and also reduce the …

analyze the effects of a higher minimum wage in terms of poverty rather than in terms of unemployment. Second, we extend the … in which a higher minimum wage raises poverty, others where it reduces poverty, and yet others in which poverty is … unchanged. We characterize precisely how the poverty effect depends on four parameters: the degree of poverty aversion, the …