Contract manufacturing is the catalyst shaping the world economy under globalization. Affirming the dominance of the open network in organizing worldwide value chains, it transformed Japan and US into trade partners rather than rivals. It allows firms like Apple, Nokia and Sony to outsource...

It has long been recognized that, in a restricted world of just two countries and two commodities, any feasible non-distorting international transfer can be replaced by a pair of individually distorting but collectively non-distorting equivalent import duties. In recent years it has sometimes...

Not only the wealth, but also the independence and security of a country appear to be materially connected with the prosperity of manufactures. Every nation, with a view to these great objects, ought to endeavor to possess within itself all the essentials of national supply.Alexander Hamilton,...