This paper estimates the relationship between trade facilitation and trade flows using a panel of disaggregated manufactured goods for the 2000-2001 period for 75 countries. Four categories of trade facilitation are defined, measured and assessed for their impact on bilateral trade flows using a...

<heading id="h1" level="1" implicit="yes" format="display">Abstract</heading> We show in this paper that increasing the transparency of the trading environment can be an important complement to traditional liberalisation of tariff and non-tariff barriers. Our definition of transparency is grounded in a transaction cost analysis. We focus on two dimensions of...

type="main" xml:id="twec12151-abs-0001" <title type="main">Abstract</title> <p>The authors evaluated the impact of foreign aid to five services sectors (transportation, information and communications technologies (ICT), energy, banking/financial services, and business services) on exports of downstream manufacturing sectors...</p>

The relationship between standards, economic development, and trade is at the forefront of policy debate. Standards can accelerate economic efficiency and trade and also act as discriminatory barriers. This paper examines standards in the context of development in Central America. Key aspects of...