The state industrial sector is the Achilles heel of China's otherwise remarkable economic performance over the past two decades. Most other countries in transition from socialism have transformed SOEs into commercial entities through systematic, market-driven restructuring and privatisation to...

type="main" xml:id="twec12151-abs-0001" <title type="main">Abstract</title> <p>The authors evaluated the impact of foreign aid to five services sectors (transportation, information and communications technologies (ICT), energy, banking/financial services, and business services) on exports of downstream manufacturing sectors...</p>

<heading id="h1" level="1" implicit="yes" format="display">Abstract</heading> We show in this paper that increasing the transparency of the trading environment can be an important complement to traditional liberalisation of tariff and non-tariff barriers. Our definition of transparency is grounded in a transaction cost analysis. We focus on two dimensions of...

This paper estimates the relationship between trade facilitation and trade flows using a panel of disaggregated manufactured goods for the 2000-2001 period for 75 countries. Four categories of trade facilitation are defined, measured and assessed for their impact on bilateral trade flows using a...