"Anti-incentivism", bureaucratic controls and extractive external environments are identified as factors inhibiting successful collective farming in both Tanzania and China. These tendencies in the two countries are explained with reference to their political economies and ideological...

The transition to socialism involves a number of interrelated and often contradictory processes: on the one hand, the need to transform colonial structures, while on the other hand, because of the necessity to avoid economic collapse, productive forces must be preserved. The Zimbabwean...

The purpose of this article is to argue for the viability and the logic of a distinctive approach to planning economic development and socialist transition in poor economies. The components of this distinctive approach are: more decentralised and popularly-based planning and control of...