Crude Oil is a commodity with huge strategic importance to all countries in the world. But in the recent years, the oil market as well as all commodities market has crossed an intense period of changes due to a volatile international economic context. After a decade of rapid economic growth...

The prudential regulation of financial institutions requires the maintenance of minimum levels of capital as reserves against financial risks. Banks now have the option to use their own VaR risk-management model as the basis for required capital ratios. The main objective of this paper is to...

Basel III revealed new aspects to be considered in terms of risk management and supervision of banking systems. Banks may use internal models to determine minimum capital requirements imposed by new regulations to be adopted gradually in the period 2013-2019. In this context, the implementation...