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Halal Certification for Financial Products: A Transaction Cost Perspective
Hayat, Raphie; den Butter, Frank A.G.; Kock, Udo - 2011
time (20 days ) and money (USD 122,000) to obtain a halal certification. Mainly, this is because the market is very … concentrated and forms a closed circuit. About 20 Sharia scholars control more than half the market, of which the top 3 earn an … estimated USD 4.5 mln in fees per year. Moreover this market seems plagued by a number of problems, most notably a strong …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010326346
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Halal Certification for Financial Products : A Transaction Cost Perspective
Hayat, Raphie - 2011
time (20 days) and money (USD 122,000) to obtain a halal certification. Mainly, this is because the market is very … concentrated and forms a closed circuit. About 20 Sharia scholars control more than half the market, of which the top 3 earn an … estimated USD 4.5 mln in fees per year. Moreover this market seems plagued by a number of problems, most notably a strong …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013117973
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Positional Power in Hierarchies
van den Brink, René; Steffen, Frank - 2007
Power is a core concept in the analysis and design of organisations. In this paper we consider positional power in hierarchies. One of the problems with the extant literature on positional power in hierarchies is that it is mainly restricted to the analysis of power in terms of the bare...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010325154
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Axiomatizations of a Positional Power Score and Measure for Hierarchies
van den Brink, René; Steffen, Frank - 2008
Power is a core concept in the analysis and design of organizations. One of the problems with the extant literature on positional power in hierarchies is that it is mainly restricted to the analysis of power in terms of the bare positions of the actors. While such an analysis informs us about...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010325906
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On the Measurement of Success and Satisfaction
van den Brink, René; Steffen, Frank - 2012
The main purpose of the present paper is to disentangle the mix-up of the notions of success and satisfaction which is prevailing in the voting power literature. We demonstrate that both notions are conceptually distinct, and discuss their relationship and measurement. We show that satisfaction...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010326272
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On the Measurement of Success and Satisfaction
van den Brink, René; Steffen, Frank - 2012
The main purpose of the present paper is to disentangle the mix-up of the notions of success and satisfaction which is prevailing in the voting power literature. We demonstrate that both notions are conceptually distinct, and discuss their relationship and measurement. We show that satisfaction...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014171313
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Axiomatizations of a Positional Power Score and Measure for Hierarchies
van den Brink, René; Steffen, Frank - 2008
Power is a core concept in the analysis and design of organizations. One of the problems with the extant literature on positional power in hierarchies is that it is mainly restricted to the analysis of power in terms of the bare positions of the actors. While such an analysis informs us about...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014047024
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Trade between China and the Netherlands: a Case Study of Globalization
den Butter, Frank A.G.; Hayat, Raphie - 2008
-house when the asset specificity of the traded inputs is high and offshore via the market when this asset specificity is low …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010326028
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Trade between China and the Netherlands; A Case Study of Globalization
den Butter, Frank A. G.; Hayat, Raphie - 2008
-house when the asset specificity of the traded inputs is high and offshore via the market when this asset specificity is low …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014047825
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Does the Canadian Economy suffer from Dutch Disease?
Beine, Michel; Bos, Charles S.; Coulombe, Serge - 2009
We argue that the failure to disentangle the evolution of the Canadian currency from the U.S. currency leads to potentially incorrect conclusions regarding the case of Dutch disease in Canada. We propose a new approach that is aimed at extracting both currency components and energy- and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010325816