This discussion paper led to an article in the <I>Journal of Time Series Analysis</I> (2010). Vol. 31, pages 407-414.<P> State space models with nonstationary processes and fixed regression effects require a state vector with diffuse initial conditions. Different likelihood functions can be adopted for...</p></i>

State space models with nonstationary processes and fixed regression effects require a state vector with diffuse initial conditions. Different likelihood functions can be adopted for the estimation of parameters in time series models with diffuse initial conditions. In this paper we consider...