severity of congestion and capacity shocks, and the degree of correlation between routes in travel conditions. Information is …

The interplay between congestion and crowding externalities in the design of urban bus systems is identified and … choose between travelling by bus, car or walking in a transport corridor. Optimisation variables are bus fare, congestion … that optimal bus frequency results from a trade-off between the level of congestion inside buses, i.e., passengers …

company cars raise the fraction employees that receives a company car; congestion and congestion tolls reduce it. Second, in … be an imperfect but quite effective substitute for currently unavailable congestion tolls. The numerical illustration …, calibrated using Belgian data, suggests that it yields about half the welfare gain attainable through optimal congestion taxes …

into account traffic congestion which, at peak periods, significantly restricts vehicle speeds and increases emissions. We … in order to avoid congestion and to reduce the cost of emissions. Building on these analytical results we describe a …

This paper extends the literature on airport congestion pricing by allowing carriers to price-discriminate between the …-best discriminating business fare exceeds the first-best uniform fare (which equals the external part of the marginal congestion costs … support to the finding that the welfare losses associated with an atomistic airport congestion charge may be low. …