The purpose of this paper is to analyze spatial competition, congestion and flows of container imports into the United States. An intermodal network flow model is developed and used to analyze congestion in the logistics system for container imports. The results indicate that congestion exists...

This study develops a methodology to quantify risks associated with projected commodity flows in a spatial optimization model. In this paper it is applied to the world grain trade which is characteristic of numerous commodities and with complicated and competing logistical channels in world...

This paper analyzes the intermodal transportation network of containerized imports to the United States. An optimization model is developed that integrates international and North America inland transport networks. The results indicate optimal ship size, route, port, and interior shipping...