Presently, on-land wind turbine densities are increasing in many countries and with an expected rise in local resistance. However, despite that the “crowding” of wind turbines in especially the urban fringe and in more densely populated rural areas, few studies have to date analysed the...

Generally people are more positive towards offshore wind farms compared to on-land wind farms. However, the attitudes are commonly assumed to be independent of experience with wind farms. Important relations between attitude and experience might therefore be disregarded. The present paper gives...

It is generally understood that the pattern of repeated expiration and short-term renewal of the federal production tax credit (PTC) causes a boom-bust cycle in wind power plant investment in the U.S. This on-off pattern is detrimental to the wind industry, since ramp-up and ramp-down costs are...

This paper exploits the exogeneity of weather conditions to evaluate renewable energy (RE) subsidy programs in Germany and Spain in terms of their costs for reducing carbon dioxide emissions. We find that both the aggregate costs and the distribution of costs between energy producers and...

An increasing number of studies suggest that the cumulative impacts of wind turbine encounters might have a negative impact on the acceptance of onshore wind power development. In many countries offshore wind resources are seen as the new wind energy resource, though the offshore cost of energy...

A portfolio of energy generators is likely to out-perform a single source in terms of a better trade-off between the level and stability of profits. We model the financial performance of portfolios of wind farms located around Great Britain in the early 2020s. We measure the expected annual...

There is a risk that if a government adopts a R&D spending policy directed towards wind power technology crowding out of other technologies might occur due to fiscal constraints and changes in relative prices. The purpose of this paper is to provide a backward-looking analysis of how the...

The vast dissemination of renewable energy (RE) has been enhanced by government policy, with a commensurate increase in the trade of the components. Previous studies have analyzed the effect of policies and the knowledge stock of exporter countries on their export of RE components. However,...

Wind energy installed capacity has been increasing steadily all over the world and is expected to continue to do so in the future, following lowering costs of technology as well as increased renewable energy goals by governments. Nonetheless, public opposition has been increasing, and the...

In 2013 an energy reform was approved in Mexico to allow the participation of private firms in the energy sector, where their participation was restricted, creating one of the newest wholesale electricity markets.It has been noted that renewables face a significant and unique problem for their...