Electricity markets are complex; they involve long lead-times, include feedbacks that are generally hard to interpret and are influenced by environmental concerns and political objectives. After liberalization, the markets moved from a monopoly situation with a single service provider and...

European electricity markets are geographically organized in zones, which often resemble countries. Overload of power lines within zones have to be relieved through other means than the electricity market, e.g. so-called “redispatching” of power plants. Traditionally, this has often been...

State-regulated investor-owned utilities serve over 70 percent of electricity to final end-use retail consumers in the U.S. Prior to the 1990s, all states used a “cost of service (COS)” regulation regime in which investor-owned utilities were allowed to recover prudently incurred costs plus...

In Indonesia, the activities of supplying of electricity energy or generating of electricity power is still dominated by PT PLN (Persero). The supply of electricity has not been able to meet the demand of electricity by PT PLN. The electricity supply can be affected by amount of generation...

This paper applies a modified scorecard approach combined with Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) to measure evidence of electricity sector reforms in a span of six decades covering the pre-reform and the current reform process in Kenya. A comprehensive policy review covering different apsects of...

This paper replicates and extends the seminal paper by Dinkelman (2011) on the impacts of electrification on female employment. We revisit the validity of the identification strategy that uses the land gradient as an instrumental variable (IV). Our robustness checks cast doubt on the exclusion...

Recent debates on how to provide electricity to the roughly one billion still unconnected people in developing countries have identified mini-grids as a promising way forward. High upfront costs of transmission lines are avoided, and unlike home-scale solar, mini-grids can provide sufficient...

This comment replicates the influential paper published by Lipscomb, Mobarak, and Braham in the American Economic Journal: Applied Economics in 2013. We show that the significance and robustness of their findings hinge upon a self-defined demarcation of the Amazon region, which is not...

New well drilling technologies, when utilized to fracture common shale formations promise to provide access to very large volumes of gas. Indeed, the trade press and news media have generally taken the position that “fracgas” over the next decade can add up to 800 trillion cubic feet of...

The theory of infinitely repeated games finds that players will likely learn to collude, given sufficient incentive to do so, enabling them to capture greater payoffs than those attainable in the static setting. The theory posits that cooperation can arise in this framework if individuals...