The US shale gas revolution has caused a substantial decline of US dependency on natural gas imports and has led to a significant decrease of spot prices for natural gas at Henry Hub. Given that the recent LNG development has been largely oriented towards the US market, this was the major reason...

The dynamics of markets for natural gas during the last years included the higher role of LNG in gas trade, the growing role of spot markets, deregulation, liberalization and competition in national gas markets. Rising flexibility in contracts' destination clauses created new international...

Gas is an interesting example in which the market structure cannot be derived from pure economic aspects. Due to huge required investments, substantial transport costs and large heterogeneity in gas deposits and major consumption areas geography is very important. Politics also plays an...

The EU imposed an embargo on Iranian oil on 23 January, 2012 that will come into full force in July, preventing the members from importing Iranian oil. The embargo was enforced by the UN, EU, USA and other countries in the wake of Western pressure policies. This multiplies sanctions imposed on...