The Covid-19 pandemic is hitting, directly and indirectly, economies throughout the world. While the pandemic is far from over, countries are searching for ways to enhance a quick recovery of their economies. Among others, the downturn is hampering the access of firms to the financial means...

We perform a cross-country firm-level analysis of all development banks headquartered in Europe. The goal is to investigate their financial profile and efficiency characteristics and to shed light on some crucial issues, which may underline their capacity to raise external sources of finance in...