This paper investigates whether investment spending of firms is sensitive to the availability of internal funds. Imperfect capital markets create a hierarchy for the different sources of funds such that investment and financial decisions are not independent. The relation between corporate...

This paper investigates whether investment spending of firms is sensitive to the availability of internal funds. Imperfect capital markets create a hierarchy for the different sources of funds such that investment and financial decisions are not independent. The relation between corporate...

The paper investigates the impact of ownership concentration on the likelihood that firms are involved in innovative activities or invest in research and development. We find that more dispersed ownership significantly increases the probability that a firm is engaged in innovation or invests in...