European integration provokes competition between the European metropolitan areas. At the same time, the question at which locations services of highest centrality are produced remains open. The paper analyses how far the German capital Berlin accepts the challenge to accomodate headquarters of...

Real costs of freight transportation have strong increased in Russia particularly during the period of price liberalization 1992--93. This paper investigates possible connections between rising transport costs and the evolution of the size structure of the system of cities in the Russian...

This paper analyses the structural change in Russia during the transition from the planned to a market economy. With regard to the famous three sector hypothesis, broad economic sectors were formed as required by this theory. The computation of their shares at GNP at market prices using...