people at the lower end of income distribution will graduate into the middle class category. The increase in poverty rates …

Debates about poverty relief and foreign aid often hinge on claims about how many poor people there are in the world … and what constitutes poverty. Good measures of poverty are essential for addressing the world poverty problem. Measures of … poverty require a basis for determining who is poor and a method of aggregation. Historically, the methods of aggregation were …

-being, poverty, growth or aid effectiveness. However, there has been little empirical analysis that tests these relationships …

Measuring poverty remains a complex and contentious issue. This is particularly true in sub-Saharan Africa where … poverty rates are higher, information bases typically weaker, and the underlying determinants of welfare relatively volatile … poverty with focus on the period 2002/03 to 2008/09. The paper contributes in four areas. First, the period in question was …

importance of tax-benefit instruments across countries and on the effect of taxes and benefits on poverty and inequality. The …

was labour earnings for some employment categories. With the onset of the crisis of 2008, the poverty rate stopped falling …