competition effects associated with clustering for formal and manufacturing firms. We find some evidence of productivity … spillovers for informal firms and firms in the manufacturing sector but they are not of a large enough magnitude to outweigh the …

Under the current international economic conditions, where Asian countries are strong competitors in the manufacturing … vegetables, agro-processing goods, and various tradable services are estimated to have contributed 1.9 per cent to annual average … of services in total exports was only 17 per cent in 2012-14. Although still relatively small, these industries have …

than 7 per cent annually since 1992, the economy is mostly based on low-productivity agriculture. Manufacturing contributes …

resource endowments. Over the last couple of years, industry in Ghana, dominated since independence by the manufacturing … competitive manufacturing sector; how to promote agro-based industrial development to ensure value-addition to manufactures and …

diversification. It assesses productive linkages and manufacturing competitiveness during import-substitution industrialization and …

The services sector is dominant and continues to experience unprecedented growth in many developing economies. However … identifies the underlying factors that explain services sector growth accelerations and episodes in developing countries, and how … these factors may differ across services types (market services and non-market services) and regions. Using the Economic …

This paper reviews the role of services in development and growth, the potential role of trade in services as a driver … of the productivity performance of sectors that use services as inputs, and the links between services policies and … domestic trade costs. Barriers to trade in services have direct as well as indirect effects on cross-border trade and …

structural transformation may be the movement of workers from agriculture to services, our findings suggest that inequality may … Kuznets hypothesis, we find that the movement of workers to manufacturing unambiguously decreases income inequality … into services has a positive impact on inequality across our set of countries at an early stage of structural …