Barrington Moore's famous line 'no bourgeoisie, no democracy' is one of the most quoted claims in political science …

key outcome variables: voter turnout in last elections, closeness to political party; and participation in protests. In …

Competitive elections in many parts of Africa generate powerful incentives to presidential candidates (and to a lesser …

and weaker states even though such evidence is central to understanding how democracy might be consolidated in such …

surmises that oppositions will reduce agitations when shocks are anticipated (elections). In contrast, when unanticipated …

related both to the quality or deepening of democracy and to poverty reduction. Foreign aid has changed as donors have …. Moreover, when it comes to more substantial aspects of democracy, such as enhancing accountability and fighting corruption …

The paper examines the relationship between conflict and entrepreneurial activity in Afghanistan, drawing upon a unique … poor. Conflict has persisted in vast swathes of the country for decades, so that Afghanistan may be more appropriately … described as an in-, rather than post-, conflict country. At the same time, qualitative (and anecdotal) evidence suggests that …

How does conflict affect tax revenue mobilization? This paper uses a newly updated dataset to explore longitudinal … trends of tax revenue mobilization prior to, during, and after conflict periods in a selection of conflict-affected states …. Offering detailed snapshots of tax experiences prior to, during, and after conflict, this paper provides an empirical …