that the same logic does not apply to lower-scale group violence such as riots, which differ in such a way that … argument by analysing Muslim-Christian violence in the post-Suharto era, combining a new subnational data set of ethno …-income and ethnogeographic crosscuttingness with a new and comprehensive subnational data set of violence in Indonesia. Our …

analysis of large-scale violent conflict with other forms of violence, instability, fragility, and humanitarian crises. …

potential future communal violence in socially fragmented contexts where conflicting social groups live alongside each other. …

The lack of political representation often lies at the origin of identity-based violence, and, when not resolved, can … re-ignite violence. We study who perceives gains and losses in political representation in Rwanda and Burundi and why. We … both countries, we observe a sharp drop in perceived political representation in the run-up to and during violence, and a …

experienced cycles of violence between the 1960s and 1980s. Can such violence be explained by legacies of mobilization during … fascism? We study whether and how the Italian fascist experience of the 1920s affected political violence during the 1970s and … regime-predicts neofascist political violence at the provincial level more than 40 years later. New windows of opportunity …

We investigate the impact of childhood exposure to organized criminal violence on sociopolitical attitudes in Mexico … institutions, interpersonal trust, and vote choice. To assess the impact of violence exposure on these attitudes, we construct … confrontations from the municipality where they grew up. Our findings indicate that exposure to both types of violence during the …