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What explains the gender gap in top incomes in developing countries? Evidence from Ecuador
Oliva, Nicolás; Jara, H. Xavier; Rattenhuber, Pia - 2021
Based on tax records data from Ecuador, we analyse gender differences in top income groups from 2008 to 2017. Ecuador represents an interesting case as it shares many trends with other countries in the region in terms of women's status in the labour market. While we observe a significant...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012651180
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Assessing pension-related tax expenditures in South Africa: Evidence from the 2016 retirement reform
Redonda, Agustin; Axelson, Christopher - 2021
order to incentivize pension savings and increase the fairness of the retirement system. Using administrative tax micro … of contributions). The reform was not effective at mitigating the regressive impact of the retirement system because the … number of individuals contributing to retirement funds increased relatively more for top earners, and it has also exacerbated …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012651125
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The expansion of economic protection for older adults in Latin America: Key design features of non-contributory pensions
Arza, Camila - 2017
Over the past two decades, many Latin American countries have expanded the economic protection of older adults by developing non-contributory pensions or making eligibility rules more flexible. These policies have addressed long-standing coverage gaps in Latin American pension systems and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011654029
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Building a conservative welfare state in Botswana
Seekings, Jeremy - 2017
Botswana's welfare state is both a parsimonious laggard in comparison with some other middle-income countries in Africa (such as Mauritius and South Africa) and extensive (in comparison with its low-income neighbours to the north and east). Coverage is broad but cash transfers are modest. This...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011688582
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Exploring options for a universal old age pension in Tanzania Mainland
Khalfan, Twahir; Kisanga, Elineema; Leyaro, Vincent; … - 2020
The provision of a universal old age pension is increasingly recognized as an important instrument for strengthening and extending social protection. A growing number of emerging economies, including East African countries, are introducing universal old age pensions to guarantee at least a basic...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012424068
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Informality and pension reforms in Bolivia: The case of Renta Dignidad
Canelas, Carla; Niño-Zarazúa, Miguel - 2021
How social protection programmes affect work choices is a question that has been at the centre of labour economics research for decades. More recently, a scant literature has focused on the effects of social protection on work choices and informal employment in the context of low- and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012651181
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Puzzle me this? The Vietnamese reverse gender education gap
Mergoupis, Thanos; Phan, Van; Sessions, John G. - 2018
We investigate within the context of Viet Nam how circumstances at age 15 or 16 relate to completion of upper secondary education four years later. We exploit the longitudinal elements of the Viet Nam Access to Resources Household Survey to identify household and commune characteristics and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011943921
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Traditional and modern employee benefits in Myanmar's manufacturing sector
Hansen, Henrik; Rand, John; Trifkovic, Neda - 2021
Employer-provided benefits are independent elements in the compensation packages that make up firms' payment strategies. Such benefits are aimed at attracting and retaining preferred employees and improving incentives. In Myanmar, there are two employee benefit systems: (1) an unregulated...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012651112
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Gender inequality and the empowerment of women in rural Viet Nam
Newman, Carol - 2015
This paper examines gender inequality and female empowerment in rural Viet Nam. Using an extensive panel dataset on 2,181 households, we examine how the welfare of women living in rural areas has evolved during a period of dramatic rural transformation, 2008 - 14. We find that while the economic...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011418594
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Spatial and temporal analyses of women's wellbeing in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Nanivazo, Malokele; Mahrt, Kristi - 2015
This paper sets out to investigate the wellbeing of women in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It undertakes spatial and temporal comparisons of women's wellbeing using data from the Demographic and Health Survey and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. Using the multidimensional...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011418638