This paper attempts to quantify the impact of fragmentation on employment. Factor demand functions for labour and … in import prices (real trade costs) has a twofold impact on labour demand: (i) substitution of domestic employment by … partly imported intermediates (= outsourcing or fragmentation) (ii) increased employment due to higher demand caused by an …

employment rates of mothers with children younger than 15 years. Using data from the 1995 and 2002 Austrian Microcensus, combined …' employment probabilities. In line with theoretical considerations and most of the international sub-literature, we find a … negative elasticity of mothers' employment rates to child-care costs as well as positive elasticity with regard to wages. The …

The study examines four methods to allocate changes in employment to the various employment size categories. For annual …

-09 until 2014. It draws on a unique dataset containing employment information for 248 regions in the EU. The uncovered … employment. Possible explanations for the lack of significant results are discussed. …

to China have facilitated employment growth, especially in high quality segments. Overall, these results add a cautious …

and employment growth. Hence, we argue that the degree of servitization is contingent on and an attribute of the …